10 Causes for epistaxis

10 Causes for epistaxis

Epistaxis or nosebleed means blood draining through the nostrils, epistaxis usually occurs in most cases accidentally especially in hot weather, but in certain circumstances it could be a sign for serious medical issue. Anyway, causes of epistaxis include the following:

  1. Sudden rise of blood pressure to very high levels.
  2. Severe cough associated with weakness of the blood capillaries inside the nasal mucosa.
  3. Exposure to sun stroke or severe dehydration.
  4. Fracture base of skull associated with rupture of the blood vessels supplying the nasal cavity.
  5. Inflammation of the nasal mucosa.
  6. Expistaxis could be a sign for certain sexual transmitted disease (STD) such as syphilis or gonorrhea.
  7. Benign or malignant tumors inside the nasal cavity.
  8. Coagulopathy; leading to increased liability to bleed through all body holes, especially through the nostrils.
  9. Malnutrition, especially cases associated with vitamin C deficiency.
  10. Direct trauma to the nose or the face.

Initial management of epistaxis include applying pressure on nostrils for 10-20 minutes, with tilting the head forward (not backward as most think) to prevent blood swallowing, and to avoid nausea and vomiting. After that, medical consultation is very important for case assessment and identifying the cause of epistaxis.

 


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